ISO Approved and Quality Oriented ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Fittings Manufacturer in India
Socket Weld Forged Fittings Suppliers In Mumbai India
We Keep the stock of Socket Weld Fittings in SS 304/304L, SS 316/316L manufactured using Standards – ANSI B16.11, MSS SP-79, MSS-SP-95, 83, 97, DIN2605, DIN2615, DIN2616, DIN2617, DIN28011, EN10253-1, EN10253-2 to satisfy any urgent small or large domestic and international inquiries at reasonable prices.
India’s most Recognized, Trustworthy and premium quality Manufacturers, Stockist, Exporters, and Global Suppliers of Stainless Steel Socket Weld Forged Fittings as per the ANSI/ASME B16.11, MSS SP-79, MSS-SP-95, 83, 97 Standards in all Dimensions, Materials, Grades, and Sizes.
Table Of Content
- Socket Weld Fittings Standard Specifications
- What is an Socket Weld Fittings & Why Us to buy it?
- ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Pipe Fittings Types
- Socket Weld Forged Fittings Manufacturing Standards
- Socket Weld Fittings Types BY Size, Class, and Wall Thickness
- How to describe Socket Weld Pipe Fittings Dimensions
- ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Fittings Dimensions
- ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Fittings Weight Chart
- Manufacturing Process of Socket Weld Forged Fittings
- Advantages for SW Fittings
- Disadvantages for SW Fittings
- Usage about Socket Weld Fittings
- Testing of Socket Weld Fittings
- ASME B16.11 SS Socket Weld Fittings Dimensions Tolerance
- ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Fittings Angularity Tolerance
- Stainless Steel Socket Weld Fittings Availability
- Top Nations we Export and Supply Socket Weld Fittings
- Stainless Steel Socket Weld Fittings Applications
Industries We Served Happily
We have a huge inventory of odd sizes & hard to find ANSI/ASME B16.11 Stainless Steel Socket Weld Forged Fittings also available in Duplex Steel, Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel, Hastelloy, Monel, Inconel, Titanium, Super Duplex, Incoloy, Alloy 20, 254 SMO, Copper Nickel, High & Low Temperature Steel, Mild Steel offering at market leading prices from Mumbai, India.
Socket Weld Fittings Specifications
Outside Diameter (OD) | 1/8″~4″ (DN6~DN100) |
---|---|
Dimensions | ASME 16.11, MSS SP-79, 83, 95, 97, BS 3799 |
Wall Thickness | SCH5, SCH10, SCH20, SCH30, SCH40, STD, SCH80, XS, SCH60, SCH80, SCH120, SCH140, SCH160, XXS / DN6~DN100 |
Product’s Angle | 0°~180° |
Value Added Services | Hot Dipped Galvanizing, Epoxy & FBE Coating, Electro Polish, Sand Blasting, Threading, Soldering |
Important Grades | ASTM A403 WP 304 / 304L / 304H / 316 / 316L / 317 / 317L / 321 / 310 / 347 / 904L |
Production Materials | Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel, Carbon Steel, Duplex Steel, Super Duplex Steel, Nickel Alloys, Cupro Nickel, Low Temperature Steel |
SS Melting Points | 1400-1450°C (WP304, WP304L), 1390-1440 °C (WP316L), 1370 – 1400 °C (WP316) |
Fittings Form | 90° Elbow, 45° Elbow, Tee, Cross, Full Coupling, Half Coupling, Pipe Cap, Union, Reducer Insert, Boss, Branch Outlet, 90° Elbow Outlet, 45° Lateral Tee, Lateral Outlet, Branch Outlet Butt Weld, 90° Elbow Outlet Butt Weld, Lateral Outlet Butt Weld, Nipple Branch Outlet Butt Weld |
Petromat Oil & Gas Equipment Pvt. Ltd are a engaged in Manufacturing and Supplying a wide range of Socket Weld Forged Fittings within the grade SS 304, 316, 304L, 316L, 304H, 316H. These Socket Weld Forged Fittings are manufactured using superior quality raw material at our end, which is procured from the authentic vendors of the market. Moreover, we are engaged in trading and supplying a broad array of Socket weld Fittings products. The SS Socket Weld Fittings offered by us are procured from the reliable vendors of the market, who manufacture the entire range as per the set industry standards and norms. Owing to their options like superior finish, strong construction, corrosion resistance and correct dimensions, these Socket Weld Pipe Fittings notice their wide application in pharmaceutical, valve & pumps producing, power sector, aerospace, oil & gas, chemical and automobile industries, to call a few. we provide a top quality SS Socket Weld Fittings in Countries like belgium, Kuwait, Cyprus.
Socket weld fittings are connected to pipes by fillet welds, whereas threaded fittings are screwed onto the pipe. A Socket Weld Forged Fittings may be a pipe attachments detail within which a pipe is inserted into a recessed area of a Valve, fitting, or flange. In distinction to weld fittings, Socket Weld Fittings are in the main used for little pipe diameters (Small Bore Piping); usually for piping whose nominal diameter is NPS a pair of or smaller. They’re used for lines conveyance of title flammable, toxic or costly material wherever no leakage may be permitted, and for steam three hundred to 600 PSI. They are made to many ASTM standards and are factory-made in accordance with ASME B16.11. The B16.11 standard covers pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, tolerance smarkings, and materials requirements for forged carbon, and alloy steel. Socket weld fittings are used for applications where strong and long-lasting connections are required.
ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Pipe Fittings Types
ASME B16.11 Socket Weld 90° Elbow Outlet
Price: $1.00 – $100.00 / Piece
Socket Weld 90° Elbow Outlet
NOTE: Price may vary according to the Market Standard, Total Quantity Ordered and Type of Material. Contact Us for Further Queries.
Socket Weld Pipe Fittings Manufacturing Standards
ASME Standard | ASME/ANSI B16.11, MSS SP-79, MSS-SP-95, 83, 97 |
---|---|
DIN Standard | DIN28011, DIN2617, DIN2616, DIN2615, DIN2605 |
EN Standard | EN10253-2, EN10253-1 |
ASME B16.11 | Socket Weld Fittings, Socket – Welding and Threaded |
ASTM A182 – ASME SA182 | Standard Specification for Wrought Austenitic SS Piping Socket Weld Fittings |
MSS SP-95 | Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs |
Socket Weld Fittings Materials and Grades
Stainless Steel Socket Weld Fittings |
---|
ASTM A403 WP Gr. 304, 304L, 304H, 310, 316, 316L, 316H, 316Ti, 317L, 321, 347, 904L |
Carbon Steel Socket Weld Fittings |
ASTM A234 WPB, WPBW, WPHY 70, WPHY 65, WPHY 60, WPHY 52, WPHY 46, & WPHY 42. |
Low Temperature Socket Weld Fittings |
ASTM A420 WPL6, ASTM A420 WPL3 |
Alloy Steel Socket Weld Fittings |
ASTM / ASME A/SA 234 Gr. WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP12, WP22, WP91 |
Duplex & Super Duplex Steel Socket Weld Fittings |
ASTM A815, ASME SA815 UNS NO S31803, UNS NO S32205, UNS S32750, UNS S32950. Werkstoff No. 1.4462 |
Nickel Alloy Socket Weld Fittings |
UNS 10276 (HASTELLOY C 276), UNS 6625 (INCONEL 625), UNS 6601 (INCONEL 601), UNS 6600 (INCONEL 600), UNS 8825 (INCONEL 825), UNS 8020 (ALLOY 20 / 20 CB 3), UNS 4400 (MONEL 400), UNS 2201 (NICKEL 201), ASTM / ASME SB 336 UNS 2200 (NICKEL 200) |
Socket Weld Fittings Types BY Size, Class, and Wall Thickness
Description | Class Designation | ||
---|---|---|---|
3000 | 6000 | 9000 | |
Elbows 45 and 90 degrees, Tees, Crosses, Couplings, Half-Couplings, End or Pipe Caps |
1/2 – 4 | 1/2 – 2 | 1/2 – 2 |
1/2 – 4 | 1/2 – 2 | 1/2 – 2 | |
1/2 – 4 | 1/2 – 2 | 1/2 – 2 | |
Pipe Size by Wall Thickness |
SCH 80 / XS | SCH 160 | XXS |
How to describe Socket Weld Pipe Fittings Dimensions
In case you place a request for this type fittings, you would like to specify the OD dimensions and with pressure requirements (Or thickness schedule), socket weld fittings pressure ratings typically expressed in class 3000, class 6000, and class 9000. Socket weld pipe fittings typically simplified as SW pipe fittings, thus you’ll see some descriptions like SW elbow, SW tees, SW couplings, etc.
ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Pipe Fittings Dimensions
Dimensions are in millimeters unless otherwise indicated. Wall thickness (t) should be nominative by client. Outlet dimension (M) for NPS and bigger is usually recommended however not needed.
DN | Nom Pipe Size |
Socket Bore Dia.(2) B |
Bore Diameter of Fittings(2) D |
Body Wall Thickness G |
Socket Wall Thickness(1) C |
Depth of Socket Min. J |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Class Designation | Class Designation | ||||||||||
Class Designation | 3000 | 6000 | 3000 | 6000 | |||||||
3000 | 6000 | Min. | Min. | Ave. | Min. | Ave. | Min. | ||||
6 | 1/8 | 11.2 10.8 |
7.6 6.1 |
7.6 6.1 |
2.41 | 3.15 | 3.18 | 3.18 | 3.96 | 3.43 | 9.5 |
8 | 1/4 | 14.6 14.2 |
10.0 8.5 |
10.0 8.5 |
3.02 | 3.68 | 3.78 | 3.30 | 4.60 | 4.01 | 9.5 |
10 | 3/8 | 18 17.6 |
13.3 11.8 |
13.3 11.8 |
3.20 | 4.01 | 4.01 | 3.50 | 5.03 | 4.37 | 9.5 |
15 | 1/2 | 22.2 21.8 |
16.6 15.0 |
16.6 15.0 |
3.73 | 4.78 | 4.67 | 4.09 | 5.97 | 5.18 | 9.5 |
20 | 3/4 | 27.6 27.2 |
21.7 20.2 |
21.7 20.2 |
3.91 | 5.56 | 4.90 | 4.27 | 6.96 | 6.04 | 12.5 |
25 | 1 | 34.3 33.9 |
27.4 25.9 |
27.4 25.9 |
4.55 | 6.35 | 5.69 | 4.98 | 7.92 | 6.93 | 12.5 |
32 | 1-1/4 | 43.1 42.7 |
35.8 34.3 |
35.8 34.3 |
4.85 | 6.35 | 6.07 | 5.28 | 7.92 | 6.93 | 12.5 |
40 | 1-1/2 | 49.2 48.8 |
41.6 40.1 |
41.6 40.1 |
5.08 | 7.14 | 6.35 | 5.54 | 8.92 | 7.80 | 12.5 |
50 | 2 | 61.7 61.2 |
53.3 51.7 |
53.3 51.7 |
5.54 | 8.74 | 6.93 | 6.04 | 10.92 | 9.50 | 16.0 |
65 | 2-1/2 | 74.4 73.9 |
64.2 61.2 |
64.2 61.2 |
7.01 | 8.76 | 7.67 | 16.0 | |||
80 | 3 | 90.3 89.8 |
79.4 76.4 |
79.4 76.4 |
7.62 | 9.52 | 8.30 | 16.0 | |||
100 | 4 | 115.7 115.2 |
103.8 100.7 |
103.8 100.7 |
8.56 | 10.69 | 9.35 | 16.0 |
Nom Pipe Size |
DN | Center to Bottom of Socket-A | End Wall Thikcness K Min |
Laying Lengths | Tolerances± | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
90° Elbows Tees,Crosses |
45° Elbows | Couplings E |
Half Couplings F |
A | E | F | ||||||
Class Designation | Class Designation | Class Designation | ||||||||||
3000 | 6000 | 3000 | 6000 | 3000 | 6000 | |||||||
1/8 | 6 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 16.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.0 |
1/4 | 8 | 11.0 | 13.5 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 16.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.0 |
3/8 | 10 | 13.5 | 15.5 | 8.0 | 11.0 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 17.5 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 1.5 |
1/2 | 15 | 15.5 | 19.0 | 11.0 | 12.5 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 9.5 | 22.5 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 1.5 |
3/4 | 20 | 19.0 | 22.5 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 9.5 | 24.0 | 1.5 | 3.0 | 1.5 |
1 | 25 | 22.5 | 27.0 | 14.0 | 17.5 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 12.5 | 28.5 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 |
1-1/4 | 32 | 27.0 | 32.0 | 17.5 | 20.5 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 12.5 | 30.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 |
1-1/2 | 40 | 32.0 | 38.0 | 20.5 | 25.5 | 11.2 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 32.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 |
2 | 50 | 38.0 | 41.0 | 25.5 | 28.5 | 12.7 | 15.7 | 19.0 | 41.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 |
2-1/2 | 65 | 41.0 | 28.5 | 15.7 | 19.0 | 19.0 | 43.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 2.5 | ||
3 | 80 | 57.0 | 32.0 | 19.0 | 22.4 | 19.0 | 44.5 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 2.5 | ||
4 | 100 | 66.5 | 41.0 | 22.4 | 28.4 | 19.0 | 48.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 2.5 |
ASME B16.11 Socket Weld Pipe Fittings Weight Chart
Name | Working Pressure | 1/4” | 3/8” | 1/2” | 3/4” | 1” | 1-1/4” | 1-1/2” | 2” |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
90º Ells S/W | 3000# | 22 | 29 | 53 | 86 | 139 | 198 | 286 | 400 |
90º Ells Screw |
3000# | 29 | 53 | 86 | 139 | 198 | 286 | 400 | 1452 |
45º Ells S/W | 3000# | 22 | 38 | 53 | 86 | 139 | 198 | 374 | 396 |
45º Ells Screw | 3000# | 29 | 53 | 86 | 139 | 198 | 374 | 600 | 800 |
Tees S/W | 3000# | 31 | 40 | 73 | 106 | 158 | 220 | 317 | 572 |
Tees Screw | 3000# | 40 | 73 | 106 | 158 | 220 | 317 | 512 | 2090 |
Union Screw | |||||||||
Union S/W | |||||||||
Coupling S/W | 3000# | 9 | 18 | 26 | 40 | 92 | 152 | 229 | 462 |
Coupling Screw | 3000# | 9 | 18 | 26 | 40 | 92 | 152 | 229 | 462 |
Caps S/W | 3000# | 11 | 13 | 24 | 37 | 62 | 114 | 147 | 297 |
Caps Screw | 3000# | 11 | 13 | 24 | 37 | 62 | 114 | 147 | 297 |
Hex. Head Plugs |
3000# | 4 | 7 | 18 | 26 | 48 | 86 | 99 | 198 |
Sq. Head Plugs |
3000# | 2 | 4 | 9 | 18 | 33 | 57 | 73 | 136 |
Hex. Bushing | 3000# | 7 | 7 | 9 | 13 | 18 | 42 | 44 | 136 |
Flush Bushing |
3000# | 4 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 15 | 33 | 37 | 132 |
Manufacturing Process of Socket Weld Forged Fittings
We have a state-of-the-art mill facilities access that runs at a full capability thanks to export order overload. We’ve got three serious punch machines for making seamless tees. We even have bend machines for elbows and instrumentation for reducer. we have facilities to create seamless Socket Weld Fittings up to 8” we will make welded Socket Weld Fittings up to 42.” we also have threads in NPT, BSPT & BSPP to create forged fittings. The dye of socket weld fitting is outsourced and machining and finishing is completed in the house. Supplemental to that we’ve got in the house testing facilities like Spectro machine, PMI Machine, Mechanical check, Hardness test, supersonic Testing, hydrostatic Testing, Pressure testing, and manual review of gauge. Our production vary additionally includes flanges and fasteners that are considered piping accessories for a pipeline set up. we primarily believe outsourced services to manufacture socket weld fittings and olets thanks to variant dyes promptly available with our sub vendors. But machining takes place in the house followed by finishing and marking for traceability of the bottom material.
Advantages for SW Fittings
- The pipe is no need beveling for preparation of weld.
- The welding position will befit flat attachment.
- Generally no need temporary tack fastening for alignment. This can be because the fitting principle helps to confirm that the alignment is correct.
- The socket weld metal is not been ready to penetrate the bore of the pipe.
- It has found that socket welding is a lot (economical) than butt attachment. Thanks to elimination of special machines and reducing precision assembly needs.
Disadvantages for SW Fittings
- The welder should be aware there’s a growth gap regarding 1. 6mm between shoulder of the socket and also the pipe.
- Internal cracks and growth gaps within the socket welding system promote corrosion. This reason create them considered as less appropriate for radio-active or corrosive applications.
- These types of accessories also are unacceptable for ultra-high hydro-static pressures within the food industry. This can be because, additionally to not permitting complete penetration, it leaves cracks and gaps which can become very difficult to scrub.
Usage about Socket Weld Fittings
- Socket weld pipe fittings like elbow, tee, reducers, is used at pipelines for conveyance deadly, flammable, or costly materials wherever there would be no scope for leakage to occur.
- Used in conjunction with ASME pipe and for to alter to completely different dimensions.
- Applied within the places wherever pipe work has been deemed to be permanent. Additionally, they need also been designed in a manner that may offer characteristics of fine flow.
- Manufactured in accordance with ASTM A234 standards, and also might be in step with ASME B16.11. This is often a standard covers dimensions, pressure-temperature ratings, marking, tolerances, and needs for materials for carbon steel and forged carbon. Regarding material forms that may be acceptable, those might be bars, forging, seamless tubes, and seamless pipe that change to the necessities of fittings chemicals, mechanical property, and practices.
Testing of SS Socket Weld Forged Fittings
- Macro / Micro Test
- Flattering/ Flaring Test
- Material Identification Test
- Mechanical / Chemical Test
- Hardness Test
- Intergranular Corrosion Test
ASME B16.11 SS Socket Weld Fittings Dimensions Tolerance
Socket Weld Fittings ASME B16.11 Tolerance (Elbow, Cap, Tee, Reducer) | 90 Deg. & 45 Deg. Elbow and Tee |
Pipe Reducer & Lap Joint Stub End |
Pipe Cap | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Socket Weld Fitting Dimension (NPS) | Outside Diameter at Bevel |
Inside Diameter at End |
WallThickness T | Center-to-End Dimension A ,C ,B |
Over-all Length H |
Over-all Length F |
1/2 to 2-1/2 | +0.06 | Not less than 87.5% of nominal thickness |
+/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.12 | |
-0.03 | ||||||
3 to 3-1/2 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.12 | |
4 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.12 | |
5 to 8 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.06 | +/- 0.25 | |
10 to 18 | +0.16 | +/- 0.12 | +/- 0.09 | +/- 0.09 | +/- 0.25 | |
-0.12 | ||||||
20 to 24 | +0.25 | +/- 0.19 | +/- 0.09 | +/- 0.09 | +/- 0.25 | |
-0.19 | ||||||
26 to 30 | +0.25 | +/- 0.19 | +/- 0.12 | +/- 0.19 | +/- 0.38 | |
-0.19 | ||||||
32 to 48 | +0.25 | +/- 0.19 | +/- 0.19 | +/- 0.19 | +/- 0.38 | |
-0.19 |
ASME B16.11 SS Socket Weld Fittings Angularity Tolerance
ND | Max off angle | Max off plane |
---|---|---|
Q | P | |
1/2 a 4 | 1 | 2 |
5 a 8 | 2 | 4 |
10 a 12 | 3 | 5 |
14 a 16 | 3 | 7 |
18 a 24 | 4 | 10 |
26 a 30 | 5 | 10 |
32 a 42 | 5 | 13 |
44 a 48 | 5 | 20 |
Stainless Steel Socket Weld Fittings Types and Forms Availability
Top Nations we Export and Supply Socket Weld Pipe Fittings
- Afghanistan
- Algeria
- Angola
- Argentina
- Australia
- Austria
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Bangladesh
- Belarus
- Belgium
- Bhutan
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Bulgaria
- Canada
- Chile
- China
- Colombia
- Costa Rica
- Croatia
- Czech Republic
- Denmark
- Ecuador
- Egypt
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Gabon
- Ghana
- Greece
- Hong Kong
- Hungary
- India
- Indonesia
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Italy
- Japan
- Jordan
- Kazakhstan
- Kenya
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Libya
- Lithuania
- Malaysia
- Mexico
- Mongolia
- Morocco
- Netherlands
- New Zealand
- Nigeria
- Norway
- Oman
- Pakistan
- Peru
- Philippines
- Poland
- Portugal
- Qatar
- Romania
- Russia
- Saudi Arabia
- Serbia
- Singapore
- Slovakia
- South Africa
- South Korea
- Spain
- Sri Lanka
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- Taiwan
- Thailand
- Trinidad & Tobago
- Tunisia
- Turkey
- Ukraine
- United Arab Emirates (UAE)
- United Kingdom (UK)
- United States (US)
- Venezuela
- Vietnam
- Yemen
- Aberdeen
- Abu Dhabi
- Afghanistan
- Ahmedabad
- Ahvaz
- Al Jubail
- Al Khobar
- Algiers
- Ankara
- Atyrau
- Bangkok
- Bengaluru
- Bhopal
- Bogota
- Brisbane
- Busan
- Cairo
- Calgary
- Caracas
- Chandigarh
- Chennai
- Chiyoda
- Coimbatore
- Colombo
- Courbevoie
- Dallas
- Dammam
- Doha
- Dubai
- Edmonton
- Ernakulam
- Faridabad
- Geoje-si
- Gimhae-si
- Granada
- Gurgaon
- Hanoi
- Haryana
- Ho Chi Minh City
- Hong Kong
- Houston
- Howrah
- Hyderabad
- Indore
- Istanbul
- Jakarta
- Jeddah
- Karachi
- Kolkata
- Kuala Lumpur
- Kuwait City
- La Victoria
- Lagos
- Lahore
- London
- Los Angeles
- Ludhiana
- Madrid
- Manama
- Melbourne
- Mexico City
- Milan
- Montreal
- Moscow
- Mumbai
- Muscat
- Navi Mumbai
- New Delhi
- New York
- Noida
- Perth
- Petaling Jaya
- Pimpri-Chinchwad
- Port-of-Spain
- Pune
- Rajkot
- Rio de Janeiro
- Riyadh
- Santiago
- Secunderabad
- Seoul
- Sharjah
- Singapore
- Surat
- Sydney
- Tehran
- Thane
- Thiruvananthapuram
- Toronto
- Ulsan
- Vadodara
- Visakhapatnam
- Vung Tau
Stainless Steel Socket Weld Fittings Applications
Off-Shore Oil Drilling Companies | Power Generation | Gas Processing | Petrochemicals |
Pharmaceutical Equipment | Specialty Chemicals | Chemical Equipment | Pharmaceuticals |
Pulp & Paper Industry | Sea Water Equipment | Heat Exchangers | Condensers |
Call +91 99679 94496 / +91-22-2388 3775 / 76 OR
Email us at sales@petromatco.com for quick response